News from Semeru, Kilauea and Cumbre Vieja.

Mount Semeru experienced an eruptive episode this Sunday, December 19, 2021 at 5:31 am WIB, accompanied by an ash column observed ± 2000 m above the summit (± 5676 m above sea level). The ash column is observed white to gray in color with a thick intensity towards the southwest. This eruption was recorded on a seismograph with a maximum amplitude of 20 mm and a duration of 720 seconds.

Morning seismicity is characterized by:

- 1 pyroclastic flow collapse earthquake with an amplitude of 20 mm and a duration of 720 seconds.
- 15 avalanche earthquakes with an amplitude of 2-22 mm and an earthquake duration of 30-125 seconds.
- 1 blast / emission earthquake with an amplitude of 7 mm and a duration of 65 seconds.
- 1 shallow volcanic earthquake with an amplitude of 10 mm and a duration of 13 seconds.

- 1 distant tectonic earthquake with an amplitude of 7 mm, S-P was not observed and the duration of the earthquake was 120 seconds.

New areas could be impacted: about 8 million cubic meters of sand from the volcano's crater obstructed the Besuk Kobokan River, which is in the path of the lava flow. If another eruption occurs, it would block the flow path and create new lava flows spreading into the surrounding area, according to the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources.

The activity level remains at 3 / siaga, with recommendations:
1. Do not exercise any activity in the southeast sector along the Besuk Kobokan, up to 13 km from the summit (center of the eruption). Beyond this distance, the community does not conduct activities within 500 meters of the embankment (border of the river) along Besuk Kobokan due to the potential for expansion of hot clouds and lava flows. lava up to a distance of 17 km from the summit.

2, Do not move within a radius of 5 km from the crater / peak of Mount Semeru because there is a risk of stone throwing (incandescent).
3. Be aware of the potential for hot cloud avalanches (APGs), lava avalanches and lahars along the rivers / valleys that originate at the top of Mount Semeru, especially along Besuk Kobokan, Besuk Bang, Besuk Kembar and Besuk Sat as well as potential river lahars in a small river which is a tributary of Besuk Kobokan.

Sources : PVMBG, Magma Indonesia and local press.

Kīlauea volcano erupts from a single vent in the western wall of Halema'uma'u crater. The vent supplies lava to a lava lake in the western part of the crater. All recent lava activity remains confined to Halema'uma'u Crater in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park.

Lava Lake Observations: Lava spurts out from the same western vent, filling the ancient area of ​​Lake Halema'uma'u with fresh lava this morning of December 18. The lake has experienced a total increase of about 69 meters since lava emerged on September 29. The total erupting volume since the start of the eruption was estimated to be around 30 million cubic meters on November 16.

Observations from the summit: The tilt was inflationary yesterday morning, December 17, 2021, and turned deflationary at noon. The incline flattened overnight and remains flat this morning. The seismic activity remains lower than the background noise. The most recent measurement of the sulfur dioxide emission rate on December 16, 2021 was around 1,400 tonnes per day.

The volcanic alert remains at Watch, and the aviation code at orange.

Source: HVO-USGSS

There were no variations in the eruption of La Palma compared to the previous days, informs the Scientific Committee of PEVOLCA. The absence of observables both directly on the surface and from the monitoring systems corroborates the signs of exhaustion of the eruptive process, even if a new resumption of Strombolian activity and the emission of runoff cannot be excluded.

At Cumbre Vieja, precipitates formed in many areas which were covered with a white color due to the precipitation of salts, probably carbonate. The yellowish areas are due to sulfur deposits and possibly some more halogenated salts, such as F, Cl and others.

At present, the remaining gases near gas-covered areas and lava remnants passing through previous flows with high temperatures are cause for concern, although they have not caused any new problems. A small "remnant" of lava appears through a still active volcanic tube

With no ash emission, La Palma airport maintains its operations on a regular basis.

Sources: IGN, IGME, DSN, Copernicus