Logos, volcano observatories and associated volcanoes - INGV - 1.

Italian volcanoes are under the supervision of the INGV , Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The Institute, created in 1999, took over the resources and expertise of five other institutions, operational since a long time : the National Institute of Geophysics , the Vesuvius Observatory , the International Institute of Volcanology , Geochemistry Institute of fluids, and the Institute for Research on seismic risk. It brings together in one cluster while the field of geophysics and volcanology.

 
 Italy has ten volcanoes, active in the past 10,000 years, in addition to major submarine volcanoes located in the Tyrrhenian Sea .

Areas of monitoring of the Italians volcano observatories / INGV and volcanoes dependent, with date last activity - Stromboli and Etna are ongoing activity and are not dated - doc . INGV .

Two large volcano observatories share the monitoring and the study of this volcanoes : the Osservatorio Vesuviano of Napoli, and the Osservatorio Etneo Catania.

The Osservatorio Vesuviano :
The Hill Eremo , the only witness to the western part of the Vesuvius Somma, housed the Osservatorio Vesuviano , before it was moved to Napoli. The observatory was founded in 1841 under Ferdinand II of Bourbon, King of the Two Sicilies, is the oldest volcano observatory in the world and has historically supported the three volcanoes of Campania , Vesuvius, the Campi Flegrei, Ischia and Stromboli in the Aeolian Islands.

                         The first observatory on the hill Eremo - old postcard

            Osservatorio Vesuviano Napoli - monitors of the operations room - doc . ov.ingv.it

Without analyzing these volcanoes , seen otherwise , I will mention their last activity.

The Albans hills ( Colli Albani) is a volcanic complex structure type Somma - a caldera with a central cone - south-east of Rome , and with two nested calderas and eccentric post- caldera vents .

The highest point of the Colli Albani complex is Monte Cavo , 949 meters, a cinder cone located on the southwestern edge of the young caldera Faete. Two crater lakes , the Lago Albano and the lago Nemi, take place in the most recent post- caldera craters.
The last activity , not precisely dated ( between 36,000 years and Roman times) , was held at the Lago Albano , a maar .

                          Lago Albano / Campania - Photo Fabrizio Mara - INGV

The last event of Vesuvius is dated by the GVP of July 5, 1913 to April 4 , 1944, and qualified VEI 3 , it relates to the summit and upper flanks of the volcano.

  Eruption of Vesuvius in April 1944; the volcano is overflown by the USAF bombers - Photo USAir Force

 
                  Idyllic view of Vesuvius from the Bay of Naples - Photo Enza Vena

For Campi Flegrei , the last eruption is dated of September-October 1538 with the formation of Monte Nuovo cinder cone .
 Geostructure of the Bay of Pozzuoli and the Campi Flegrei - drawing of two nested calderas and position of Monte Nuovo - Doc. INGV

 
                   Monte Nuovo and Lago Averno - Photo Carlo Arm. Gaet . Tripodi

The Ischia volcano complex as his last eruption dated January à March 1302 and has produced the Monte Arso spatter cone and flows of the same name , which reached the NE coast of the island.

Ischia map - the most recent lavas east of the island - the flows of Monte Arso are red-brown . - Doc. vulcan.fis.uniroma3

Tomorrow, the Osservatorio Etneo / Catania

Sources :

- INGV - Storia dell'Osservatorio Vesuviano - link 

- Global Volcanism Program - Vesuvius

- Global Volcanism Program - Campi Flegrei 

- Global Volcanism Program - Ischia 

- Global Volcanism Program - Alban Hills